The SKYHAWK Editorial Team recognizes that plagiarism is unacceptable in academic publishing. Therefore, SKYHAWK has established this policy to prevent, identify, and address plagiarism in manuscripts submitted for publication. SKYHAWK uses iThenticate plagiarism detection software to identify textual similarities in submitted manuscripts. A maximum similarity level of 20% is allowed.

1. Definition of Plagiarism

Plagiarism is the use or close imitation of another author's language, ideas, data, or work and presenting it as one's own original work without appropriate acknowledgment.

2. Policy

All manuscripts submitted to SKYHAWK must be original, unpublished, and not under consideration for publication in another journal. Any material taken verbatim from another source must be clearly identified as a quotation, properly formatted, and accompanied by an appropriate citation.

Authors must properly acknowledge all sources of ideas, text, figures, tables, data, and other materials used in their manuscripts. Material reproduced from previously published works, including works by the same author (self-plagiarism), must be appropriately cited and, where necessary, permission from the copyright holder must be obtained.

When plagiarism is identified, the Editor-in-Chief will review the case and determine the appropriate action based on the severity of the plagiarism.

3. Levels of Plagiarism and Sanctions

1. Minor Plagiarism
A small portion of text from another source is copied without significant data, findings, or ideas being taken.

Action: The author will receive a warning and be required to revise the text and provide appropriate citations to the original source.

2. Intermediate Plagiarism
A substantial portion of the manuscript is copied or reproduced without appropriate citation or acknowledgment.

Action: The manuscript will be rejected, and the author(s) will be prohibited from submitting manuscripts to SKYHAWK for one year.

3. Severe Plagiarism
A substantial portion of the manuscript is copied and involves the reproduction of original results, findings, data, or ideas from another publication.

Action: The manuscript will be rejected, and the author(s) will be prohibited from submitting manuscripts to SKYHAWK for five years.

If a second case of plagiarism involving the same author is identified, the Editorial Board will determine the appropriate action. Depending on the severity of the violation, the author may be permanently prohibited from submitting manuscripts to SKYHAWK.

All authors are jointly responsible for the originality and integrity of their submitted manuscripts. If sanctions are imposed for plagiarism, the sanctions will apply to all authors of the manuscript.

4. Self-Plagiarism and Previously Published Material

This policy also applies to self-plagiarism and the inappropriate reuse of material from an author's previous publications. Authors must clearly identify and cite previously published text, figures, tables, or other materials. Where required, permission to reuse copyrighted material must be obtained from the copyright holder.

If a manuscript submitted to SKYHAWK substantially overlaps with a manuscript submitted simultaneously to another journal, the case may be considered a serious publication ethics violation. Significant overlap includes the use of identical or nearly identical figures, as well as identical or substantially similar text covering half or more of the manuscript.

For self-plagiarism involving less than half but more than one-tenth of the manuscript, the case may be considered moderate. If self-plagiarism is limited to the methodology section, it may be considered a minor violation.

Manuscripts that have previously appeared in conference proceedings or another publication must clearly identify the original publication. Authors are responsible for obtaining permission to republish copyrighted material when required. The Editor-in-Chief reserves the right to reject manuscripts containing substantial overlap with previously published material.

5. Responsibilities of Authors and Editors

Authors are responsible for ensuring that their manuscripts are original and properly acknowledge all sources. The SKYHAWK Editorial Team is responsible for reviewing suspected cases of plagiarism and applying appropriate sanctions in accordance with this policy.

The SKYHAWK Layout Editor will maintain a record of authors who are subject to submission restrictions and will verify submitted manuscripts against this record. Any identified violation will be reported to the Editor-in-Chief for further action.